Spatial and Temporal Aspect Words in English
Rob Zook 
Thu, 11 Dec 1997 20:49:32 -0600

Hi all,

I have put together a list of English words which have to do with
Time and Space and listed them in Catagories similar to the ones used
in Lojban.

Spatial Tenses:

I only found one spatial tense in the lexicon, a locative affix. Which
comes in five tenses:
i- this here  (extensional short distance locative)
e- this near  (intensional short distance locative)
a- that there (extensional medium distance locative)
o- that there (intensional medium distance locative)
u- that yonder/far away (long distance locative)

English has two general locatives: this and that which have many 
modifying words one can add to them to indicate something more
specifically. 

Spatial Intervals (measures a length, height, or width):
---------------------
very short/tiny interval
short/medium interval
long/very long interval
whole spatial interval

Intensional/Extensional Distentials (how close or far):
-------------------------
short distance - near/here
medium distance - away/there
long distance  - far/yonder

Subjective 
Directionals (where):   Movemental (how does something move):
----------------------  ----------------------------
in front (of)           forward
behind                  backward
on the left (of)        leftward
on the right (of)       rightward
above                   upward(ly)
below                   downward(ly)
within                  into
surrounding             orbiting
transfixing             passing through
next to                 moving while next to            
bordering               moving along the border (of)
adjacent (to)           along
towards                 arriving at
away from               departing from
inward (from)           approaching
outward (from)          receding from
tangential (to)         passing (by)
coincident (with)       moving to coincide with
around                  revolving (around)
north (of)              northward(ly)
south (of)              southward(ly)
east (of)               eastward(ly)
west (of)               westward(ly)

Spatial Interval Quantities 
(adds some objectivity to above by providing a measure in some units):
----------------------------
(n) units
whole spacial interval

Spatial Event Contours (locative relative to some spatial interval):
---------------------------
perfective in space; beyond the place of ...
continuative in space; throughout the place of ... 
initiative in space; on this edge of ... 
achievability in space; at the point of ... 
completive in space; at the far end of ... 
anticipative in space; up to the edge of ... 
superfective in space; continuing too far beyond ... 

Spatial Dimensionality (how many dimensions of space):
---------------------
(1-D) on a line
(2-D) in an area
(3-D) through a volume
(4-D) throughout a space/time interval

Temporal tenses:

Vulcan does have a few more temporal suffixes than spatial suffixes 
but not as many as it could. Where Vulcan temporal tenses appeared in the
Lexicon I have added them below and to the right of the English words.

I can see now how none of the actionsart tenses seem like basic
time tenses. Except one -mu- for present tense, I think, the rest 
represent time event contours, or "when" during a time as if it were a 
process.

Basic Temporal Distensials (how much time from now):
------------------------------
short time -  (x)while
medium time
long time  

Temporal Locatives (when):
---------------------------------
after - future tense
during/simultaneous - present tense - Vulcan infix "mu"
before/prior to - past tense

Temporal Interval Contours 
(when relative to some time period):
------------------------------------
will be then 
has been, is now in the aftermath of
is now/simultaneously, is now in the middle of
is going to, is now just about to, is now anticipating
was then
will be going to
will have been 
during and after 
was going to 
before and after 
before and during 
had earlier been 

Temporal Intervals 
(how long a time period):
---------------------
short time interval
medium time interval
long time interval
whole time interval 
medium time interval offset towards the future - for a while after
medium time interval spanning the present - for a while during 
medium time interval offset towards the past - for a while before

Temporal Interval Properties:
(how often)
------------------------------
regularly
typically
continuously
irregularly
atypically
intermittently
habitually
contrary to habit

Temporal Interval Quantities
(Adds some objectivity with 
specific quantities in some unit):
----------------------------------
``n'' times
whole time interval

Temporal Event Contours 
(when during a process):
---------------------------------------
perfective - in the aftermath of, since       - Vulcan infix "zo"
continuative - during                         - Vulcan infix "tsu"
initiative - at the starting point of
achievative - at the instantaneous point of
cessative - at the ending point of            - Vulcan infix "kse"
pausative - a temporary halt 
resumptitive - resumption of a paused process
completive - at the natural ending point of   - Vulcan infix "pe"
anticipative - in anticipation of, until      - Vulcan infix "dju"
superfective - continuing too long after natural end of

Actuality, Potentiality and Capability:
---------------------------------------
actuality
capable of/potentially*  
can but has not
can and has

*this appears to be the default tense for A/S words